Roman Numeral Converter
Convert numbers to Roman numerals or vice versa. Handles 1-3999, the standard Roman range.
Inputs
Converted value
โ
Roman
โ
Arabic numeral
โ
Direction
โ
Valid range
โ
About Roman Numeral Converter
Subtractive notation
IV (4), IX (9), XL (40), XC (90), CD (400), CM (900) โ smaller before larger means subtract. The older form would write IIII for 4; medieval Europe standardized the subtractive form.
No zero
Romans had no symbol for zero or negative numbers. This is one reason the system was eventually replaced for arithmetic โ Hindu-Arabic numerals with positional notation are far more capable.
Numbers above 3999
A bar over a numeral multiplies it by 1,000 (Vฬ = 5,000). This is rarely used today. The Roman system isn\u2019t practical above ~4,000.